As speech technologies mature and become ever more pervasive, the opportunities for real impact for people increases. This talk will outline the major challenges faced by researchers in porting mainstream speech technology to the domain of healthcare applications; in particular, the need for personalised systems and the challenge of working in an inherently sparse data domain. Three areas in automatic processing of pathological speech will be covered: i) detection, ii) therapy/treatment and iii) facilitating communication. The talk will give an overview of recent state-of-the-art results and specific experiences from current projects at the University of Sheffield (UK)'s Speech and Hearing (SPandH) & Healthcare lab.